{"id":6369,"date":"2023-03-16T15:59:21","date_gmt":"2023-03-16T14:59:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/catalanwines.com\/histoire\/any-1870\/"},"modified":"2025-01-11T18:55:26","modified_gmt":"2025-01-11T17:55:26","slug":"any-1870","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/catalanwines.com\/fr\/histoire\/any-1870\/","title":{"rendered":"1870"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Les premiers vins mousseux connus de la p\u00e9ninsule Ib\u00e9rique ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9s en Catalogne.<\/h2>\n

D\u00e8s le milieu du XIXe si\u00e8cle, le march\u00e9 catalan \u00e9tait la principale destination p\u00e9ninsulaire des vins de la r\u00e9gion de Champagne, et les exp\u00e9riences men\u00e9es par les Catalans ont imm\u00e9diatement permis d\u2019obtenir ce style de vin associ\u00e9 \u00e0 une consommation prestigieuse, agr\u00e9able et avant-gardiste. Les premiers essais ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9s \u00e0 Terrassa par le producteur Pau Gal\u00ed en 1851, puis par Agust\u00ed Vilaret \u00e0 Blanes en 1867, et par Francesc Gil et Domingo Soberano \u00e0 Reus en 1868, entre autres.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n <\/div>\n

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Mais avec la chute des exportations fran\u00e7aises due \u00e0 la crise du phyllox\u00e9ra dans les ann\u00e9es 1870, la demande pour ce style de vin a augment\u00e9 de fa\u00e7on exponentielle, et le besoin de produire des vins mousseux catalans s\u2019est drastiquement accru. La tentative de cr\u00e9ation d\u2019entreprises sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es dans la production de vins mousseux prend de l\u2019ampleur sur le march\u00e9 et constituera un \u00e9v\u00e9nement capital pour l\u2019\u00e9conomie et la culture du vin en Catalogne. <\/p>\n

Codorniu, dirig\u00e9 par l\u2019homme d\u2019affaires visionnaire Manuel Ravent\u00f3s, sera l\u2019initiative commerciale la plus fructueuse dans le domaine de la production de vins mousseux qui d\u00e9finira les tendances du march\u00e9 catalan, de plus en plus moderne et exigeant en mati\u00e8re de vins de qualit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Le d\u00e9clenchement de la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale (1914-1919) et la crise \u00e9conomique des ann\u00e9es 1930 ont entra\u00een\u00e9 une baisse des exportations de champagnes fran\u00e7ais. Cette r\u00e9alit\u00e9 est mise \u00e0 profit par les exportateurs de vins mousseux catalans, qui se font une place sur les march\u00e9s internationaux, exportant des centaines de milliers de bouteilles dans le monde entier.<\/p>\n

D\u2019autres entreprises et producteurs de la r\u00e9gion de Sant Sadurn\u00ed suivent l\u2019exemple de Codorniu et aident la Catalogne \u00e0 se r\u00e9affirmer comme le principal point de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence de la bulle dans toute l\u2019Espagne, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 aujourd\u2019hui.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

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Ouvrier lors du d\u00e9bouchage d\u2019une bouteille, 1901. Archives nationales de Catalogne, ACAP20-1046-N-70.\n<\/figcaption>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n
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Ouvriers de la Bodega Grande de Can Codorniu, con\u00e7ue par l\u2019architecte moderniste catalan Josep Puig i Cadafalch, pendant le processus de mise en bouteille, au d\u00e9but du XXe si\u00e8cle. Archives nationales de Catalogne, ACAP20-1046-N-32.\n<\/figcaption>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n
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Visite d\u2019un groupe de participants au Ve Congr\u00e8s international de la publicit\u00e9 \u00e0 la cave Codorniu, 1935. Auteur\u00a0: Josep Maria Sagarra. Archives nationales de Catalogne, ANC1-585-N-10961<\/figcaption>\n \n
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Manuel Ravent\u00f3s repr\u00e9sente la somme des facteurs qui ont conduit \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation du secteur du cava \u00e0 Sant Sadurn\u00ed\u00a0:\u00a0le contr\u00f4le des connaissances scientifiques et l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux techniques n\u00e9cessaires pour contr\u00f4ler la seconde fermentation en bouteille ; la syst\u00e9matisation d\u2019industries compl\u00e9mentaires telles que la production de bouteilles et de bouchons ; et enfin, la conceptualisation moderne de la publicit\u00e9 dans la commercialisation du vin dans un marketing naissant.<\/p>\n\n <\/article>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n

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ESQUIROL, M. (1881), \u00c9laboration des vins mousseux. Barcelone : La Renaixensa. \n<\/figcaption>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n
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Miquel Esquirol, producteur \u00e0 Vilanova i la Geltr\u00fa, a \u00e9crit ce trait\u00e9 en 1870, rassemblant les connaissances scientifiques et techniques qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 la base de la r\u00e9volution des bulles catalanes. Il a finalement \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9 en 1881 et est devenu une source tr\u00e8s importante pour tous les viticulteurs qui voulaient innover et r\u00e9pondre au march\u00e9 avec un vin de luxe.<\/p>\n\n <\/article>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <\/section>\n\n\n\n

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nt\u00e9rieur de la Cava Codorniu, o\u00f9 l\u2019on peut voir une foudre avec un portrait de Josep Ravent\u00f3s i Fatj\u00f3 sur une feuille de m\u00e9tal gaufr\u00e9, du d\u00e9but du XXe si\u00e8cle. Archives nationales de Catalogne, ACAP20-1046-N-552.\n<\/figcaption>\n \n
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Le mot \u00ab\u00a0cava\u00a0\u00bb (du catalan, espace sous le sol o\u00f9 reposent les bouteilles de vin pour leur mise en bouteille), est apparu pour la premi\u00e8re fois dans les documents officiels dans un d\u00e9cret-loi en 1959. C\u2019est ce concept qui sera utilis\u00e9 pour d\u00e9signer et classer tous les vins mousseux produits de mani\u00e8re traditionnelle. En 1972, l\u2019appellation DO CAVA a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e. <\/p>\n\n <\/article>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n

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Extrait de l\u2019arr\u00eat\u00e9 du 02.07.59 (BOE 04.08.59). \u00ab\u00a0Normes commerciales pour les vins mousseux et gaz\u00e9ifi\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb. <\/figcaption>\n \n <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n
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Sant Sadurn\u00ed<\/div>\n https:\/\/santsadurni.cat\/cava_centre<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n<\/section>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":6250,"menu_order":13,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-fita.blade.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6369","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n1870 - Catalan Wines<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/catalanwines.com\/fr\/histoire\/any-1870\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"1870 - Catalan Wines\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/catalanwines.com\/fr\/histoire\/any-1870\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Catalan Wines\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-01-11T17:55:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/catalanwines.com\\\/fr\\\/histoire\\\/any-1870\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/catalanwines.com\\\/fr\\\/histoire\\\/any-1870\\\/\",\"name\":\"1870 - 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